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为分析和评价131I治疗分化型甲状腺癌的副作用，对342例分化型甲状腺癌术后接受了131I治疗的患者进行了随访研究。眼药后急性反应被记录；出院后定期随访血常规，肝肾功能，延腺功能及有无与131I治疗相关的远期副反应。随访时间1～10年，平均5．4年。结果：放射性甲状腺炎主要发生在吸131I率＞30％的患者；放射性涎腺炎主要发生在吸131I率＜30％的患者；常见的消化道反应：恶心12．2％；呕吐5．2％；腹泻3．5％；胃痛2．7％。Plt、WBC和Hb治疗前后无显著性差异（P＞0．05）；一过性血小板减低和一过性WBC减低总发生率分别为10．4％和4．0％；但131I碘累积剂量＞18．5GBq的患者其发生率明显高于累积剂量＜18．5GBq的患者（P＜0．01）；无远期副反应。以上结果表明本组患者近期副作用发生率低，无远期副作用，提示131I治疗分化型甲状腺癌是安全可行的。
To analyze and evaluate the side effects of 131I in the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer, a follow-up study was conducted on 342 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer who underwent 131I treatment. Acute reactions were recorded after eye drops; regular follow-up after discharge was blood routine, liver and kidney function, ductility function, and long-term side effects associated with 131I treatment. Follow-up time was 1 to 10 years with an average of 5.4 years. RESULTS: Radioactive thyroiditis mainly occurred in patients with a rate of 131I>30%; radioactive mumps mainly occurred in patients with a rate of 131I <30%; common gastrointestinal reactions: nausea 12.2%; vomiting 5.2% Diarrhea 3.5%; stomach pain 2.7%. There was no significant difference between Plt, WBC, and Hb before and after treatment (P>0.05); the overall incidence of transient thrombocytopenia and transient WBC reduction was 10.4% and 4.0%, respectively; but 131I iodine cumulative dose Incidences of >18.5 GBq were significantly higher in patients with a cumulative dose of <18.5 GBq (P < 0.01); no long-term side effects. The above results showed that the incidence of side effects in the short-term in this group of patients is low, no long-term side effects, suggesting that 131I treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer is safe and feasible.