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为明确冬小麦在扬花期对长期土壤干旱的生理生化响应及其与抗旱性的关系,以西农979等7个品种为材料,测定和分析了干旱胁迫条件下小麦扬花期功能叶部分生理生化指标和根系活力,并利用主成分分析、聚类分析对其抗旱性进行综合评价。结果表明,长期中度和严重干旱下,扬花期小麦功能叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、质膜相对透性、可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量和胞间CO2浓度均不同程度上升,根系活力、净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率均不同程度下降,可溶性蛋白含量的变化则因品种不同表现不一。通过综合分析,7个品种中,晋麦47和小偃22抗旱性较强,矮抗58、西农979、西农509抗旱性中等,郑麦9023和郑麦36抗旱性较弱。
In order to clarify the physiological and biochemical responses of winter wheat to long-term soil drought and its relationship with drought resistance at flowering stage, 7 physiological and biochemical indexes of wheat at flowering stage under drought stress were measured and analyzed. Root vigor, and using principal component analysis, cluster analysis of its drought resistance comprehensive evaluation. The results showed that the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, plasma membrane permeability, soluble The contents of sugar, proline and intercellular CO2 increased to some extent. The root activity, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate decreased to different extents. The content of soluble protein varied with different varieties. Through comprehensive analysis, among 7 cultivars, drought resistance of Jinmai 47 and Xiaoyan 22 was stronger than that of Jinmai 47 and Xiaoyan 22, and drought resistance of Zhengyou 9023 and Zhengmai 36 was weak.