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基于黑龙江省1960~2010年的土地利用变化,采用自然正交分解(EOF)、气候倾向率及Observation Minus Reanalysis(OMR)等方法,分析了土地利用变化对黑龙江省气温的影响。研究发现:(1)1960~2010年黑龙江省耕地、建设用地、水域面积依次增加,沼泽、草地和林地依次减少。土地利用变化区域性较明显,沼泽转变为耕地集中在东部,草地转为耕地集中分布在黑龙江省西部,沼泽转为林地和林地转为耕地集中在北部,建设用地增加主要集中在南部;(2)黑龙江省1960~2010年土地利用变化对年平均气温及各个季节平均气温均产生升高效应,但并不显著,对年气温的影响趋势为0.053℃/10a,贡献率为12.1%;(3)1960~2010年土地利用变化产生气温空间变化异质性,但没有改变气温纬向性空间分布特征;(4)1960~2010年,林地和沼泽的气温影响效应为升温,草地和耕地为降温,但各个季节有所差异,夏季和秋季表现出降温效应,建设用地全年及各个季节均表现出升温效应,冬季最强;林地转耕地、草地转耕地均以升温效应为主,沼泽转耕地为降温效应。
Based on the land use change in Heilongjiang Province from 1960 to 2010, the effects of land use change on air temperature in Heilongjiang Province were analyzed using natural orthogonal decomposition (EOF), climate propensity and Observation Minus Reanalysis (OMR). The study found that: (1) From 1960 to 2010, the cultivated land, construction land and water area in Heilongjiang Province increased in turn, and the swamps, grasslands and woodland decreased in turn. The change of land use is more obvious. The marsh transformed into cultivated land concentrated in the east, the grassland converted to cultivated land concentrated in the west of Heilongjiang Province, the marsh converted to forest land and forest land, and the cultivated land concentrated in the northern part. The increase of construction land mainly concentrated in the south; ) The land use change in Heilongjiang Province had an increasing effect on the annual mean temperature and the average temperature in all seasons from 1960 to 2010, but it was not significant. The trend of annual temperature was 0.053 ℃ / 10a, with a contribution rate of 12.1%. (3) (4) From 1960 to 2010, the temperature effect of woodland and swamp was warming, while that of grassland and cultivated land was decreasing. (4) From 1960 to 2010, the spatial heterogeneity of temperature in land use changed, , But there are differences in different seasons, with cooling effect in summer and autumn, warming effect in construction land throughout the year and in all seasons, and strongest in winter; the warming effect is the main effect on the conversion of cultivated land and grassland to forest land, For cooling effect.