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目的汉化糖尿病管理自我效能量表,评价其信度、效度和重测信度等,对上海市三级医院门诊糖尿病患者的自我效能进行评价。方法 2015年6—8月,采用方便抽样的方法,在上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院、仁济医院和第九人民医院的糖尿病门诊对确诊的2型糖尿病患者进行问卷调查,共计410份。对其中的32例患者在2周后进行重测,评估量表的重测信度。结果量表各主要测量指标的Cronbach’sα系数取值范围为0.611~0.947,重测信度Spearman相关系数为0.418~0.980。因子分析显示问卷的结构效度较好,4个公因子涵盖了健康饮食、饮食与血糖、健康行为和遵嘱服药,能解释量表全部内容的70.38%。糖尿病患者总体与各方面的自我效能均处于良好水平,自我效能总分与自我管理总分呈正相关(P=0.000)。结论中文版糖尿病管理自我效能量表在糖尿病患者健康自我管理相关研究中是可靠和可信的,为探索在上海市开展糖尿病患者健康行为干预奠定了良好的基础。
Objective To evaluate the Self-efficacy Scale of Diabetes Management in Chinese and to evaluate its reliability, validity and test-retest reliability, and to evaluate the self-efficacy of outpatients with diabetes in Shanghai tertiary hospitals. Methods From June to August 2015, 410 people were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus by using convenient sampling method in the diabetes clinics of Ruijin Hospital, Renji Hospital and Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. 32 of them were retested after 2 weeks to evaluate the retest reliability of the scale. The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the main measurement indexes of the result scale ranged from 0.611 to 0.947, and the Spearman correlation coefficient of the test-retest reliability was 0.418 to 0.980. Factor analysis shows that the questionnaire has good structural validity. The four common factors cover healthy diet, diet and blood sugar, healthy behaviors and compliance with medication, which can explain 70.38% of the total contents of the questionnaire. The self-efficacy of diabetes patients in general and in all aspects are in good condition. The total score of self-efficacy is positively correlated with the total score of self-management (P = 0.000). Conclusion The Chinese version of self-efficacy scale for diabetes management is reliable and credible in the study of health self-management of patients with diabetes, which lays a good foundation for exploring intervention in health behaviors of patients with diabetes in Shanghai.