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目的评价广西钟山县实施乙肝疫苗规划项目效果。方法对广西钟山县2002—2009年统计年鉴、妇幼机构报表、流行病学资料、免疫规划报表、疫情资料、接种率调查、乙肝病毒血清学调查等资料进行描述性流行病学分析,并对2010年钟山县1岁儿童乙肝疫苗接种情况进行抽样调查。结果 2002—2009年广西钟山县乙肝疫苗首针及时接种率从2002年的29.62%(2 010/6 785)上升至2009年的94.60%(6 987/7 386),乙肝疫苗免疫接种率由2002年的66.31%(4 499/6 785)上升至2009年的99.62%(7 358/7 386)。接种抽查结果显示2010年钟山县1岁儿童的乙肝疫苗首针及时接种率为93.80%(590/629),3针全程接种率为99.84%(628/629)。从2003年起,钟山县全部疫苗接种点100%使用自毁型注射器和安全盒。2002年钟山县0～6岁儿童乙肝发病率为21.27/10万,2009年则下降至2.00/10万(P<0.01)。2002年钟山县1～6岁儿童乙肝病毒携带率为3.61%(13/360),2010年下降至0.56%(2/360)(P<0.01)。结论钟山县实施乙肝疫苗规划项目后,乙肝疫苗首针及时接种率、乙肝疫苗3针全程接种率均高于卫生部/全球疫苗免疫联盟(GAVI)合作项目的规定,且儿童乙肝病毒携带率低于乙肝疫苗规划项目实施前。
Objective To evaluate the effect of Hepatitis B vaccine program in Zhongshan, Guangxi. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the data of Statistical Yearbook, Maternal and Child Health Institutional Report, Epidemiological Data, Immunization Planning Report, Epidemic Situation Survey, Inoculation Rate Survey and Hepatitis B Serology Survey from 2002 to 2009 in Zhongshan County, Guangxi Province. A sample of 1 year old children vaccinated against hepatitis B in Zhongshan County in 2010 was sampled. Results The first vaccination of Hepatitis B vaccine in Zhongshan County, Guangxi Province during 2002-2009 increased from 29.62% (2 010/6 785) in 2002 to 94.60% (6 987/7 386) in 2009. The vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine was increased from 66.31% (4 499/6 785) in 2002 rose to 99.62% (7 358/7 386) in 2009. Inoculation results showed that the first vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine was 93.80% (590/629) in one year old children in Zhongshan county in 2010, and 99.84% (628/629) in three-needle vaccination. Since 2003, all vaccination sites in Zhongshan have 100% self-destructing syringes and safety boxes. In 2002, the incidence of hepatitis B in children aged 0-6 years in Zhongshan county was 21.27 / 100000, while in 2009 it dropped to 2.00 / 100000 (P <0.01). The incidence of hepatitis B virus in children aged 1 ~ 6 years old in Zhongshan county was 3.61% (13/360) in 2002 and 0.56% (2/360) in 2010 (P <0.01). Conclusions After the project of hepatitis B vaccine was implemented in Zhongshan County, the timely vaccination rate of the first needles of hepatitis B vaccine and the 3-needle vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine were all higher than those stipulated by the Ministry of Health / Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) and the carrier rate of hepatitis B virus Lower than hepatitis B vaccine planning project before implementation.