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根据热力学方程△G=△H-T△S,三个热力学函数△G、△H和△S在化学反应中所表现出来的线性关系,称为线性(或直线)热力学函数关系。在化学反应中最早发现的线性热力学函数关系是直线自由能关系,经典的例子为Bronsted酸碱催化定律(1924)和Hammett方程(1935)。配位化学中的直线自由能关系是五十年代初发现的,而直线焓和直线熵关系则是近几年才发展起来的。
According to the thermodynamic equation △ G = △ H-T △ S, the linear relationship between the three thermodynamic functions △ G, △ H and △ S in the chemical reaction is called the linear (or linear) thermodynamic function. The earliest linear thermodynamic function found in chemical reactions is the linear free energy relationship. The classical examples are the Bronsted acid-base catalysis (1924) and the Hammett equation (1935). The relationship of linear free energy in coordination chemistry was discovered in the early 1950s, but the relationship between linear enthalpy and linear entropy was only developed in recent years.