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本文以先后任国民政府国防设计委员会秘书长和军委会资源委员会秘书长的翁文灏为中心 ,考察 1 932年国防设计委员会成立至 1 938年初战时经济体制建立期间 ,国民政府以工矿业为重点的抗战经济准备工作。作者认为国防设计委员会的成立 ,标志国民政府抗战准备工作的开始。1 935年 4月国防设计委员会改组为资源委员会 ,成为国民政府经济备战中最重要的部门之一。其所做工作在抗战初期确发挥了一定作用 :一 ,开展调查设计工作 ,为制订政策、战时动员及后方经济建设提供了基本依据。二 ,主办特矿贸易 ,换取了重要且希缺的外国贷款 ,进口了大量武器和工业设备。三 ,经济备战工作吸引和组织了国内一大批学者和技术专家投入到对日抗战工作中 ,同时也为抗战时期的后方经济建设储备了人才。四 ,主持厂矿内迁运动 ,改变了中国工业的不合理布局 ,推动了内地工业的发展 ,促进了战时后方经济开发建设。国民政府经济备战工作也存在着很大的局限性 ,客观效果亦有限 ,不应盲目夸大 ,以偏盖全
This article has served as Secretary-General of the National Defense Design Council and the Secretary-General of the Resources Committee of the Central Military Commission, Wen Wah-ho as the center, inspected the National Defense Design Commission from 1932 to 1938, the establishment of the initial period of the war, the Kuomintang government focused on the mining industry Economic war preparations. The author believes that the establishment of the National Defense Design Commission marks the beginning of the preparations for the war of resistance by the Kuomintang government. April 1, 1935 The National Defense Design Commission was reorganized into a resource committee and became one of the most important departments in the economic preparations for the National Government. Their work did play a certain role in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War. First, conducting investigations and design work provided the basic basis for formulating policies, mobilization in wartime and economic construction in the rear. Second, hosting the special trade in exchange for important and lacking foreign loans and importing large quantities of weapons and industrial equipment. Third, the preparations for economic readiness attract and organize a large number of scholars and technical experts in China to devote themselves to the anti-Japanese war work against Japan while also reserving talents for the rear-end economic construction during the war of resistance against Japan. 4. Hosting factories and mines in-house movement changed the unreasonable layout of China’s industry, promoted the development of the industries in the hinterland, and promoted the economic development and construction of the rear wartime. The national government also has great limitations in preparing for its economy. Its objective effects are also limited. It should not be blindly exaggerated to cover the whole