云南省文山壮族苗族自治州位于云南省东南部,地处祖国西南边陲,是一个拥有11种民族聚居的地方,属亚热带气候,喀斯特岩溶地貌,山多山大,峡谷河流众多。在这独特的地理环境中,蕴藏着丰富的山石和河床石。由于这一边疆地区,文化落后,对丰富奇石资源开发的时间不长,还有待于继续研究开发。现仅就近几年来已发现的奇石归类作粗略论述。一、矿物晶体。文山州的地理环境具有生成晶体石的多种地质条件,是我国主要矿物晶体成矿区之一。有丰富的贮存晶体石的变质片麻岩、混合岩、花岗岩、碱性玄武岩、火山岩筒等。文山还因气候温热多雨,风化作用强烈,解离松散,河沟水系发育,水流搬运,都具有产生和发掘晶体石的有利条件。在州内的马关县、麻栗坡县、砚山县已开发出初具规模的镁铝石榴石、水晶、玛瑙、祖母绿等,尤以祖母绿、石榴石品位高,有 Located in the southeastern part of Yunnan Province, the Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province is located in the southwestern border of the motherland. It is a subtropical climate with karst karst mountains and mountains and numerous canyon rivers. In this unique geographical environment, rich in rock and riverbed stone. Due to the backwardness of this frontier region, the development of rich rock resources is not long yet and research and development have yet to be carried out. Now only in recent years have been found in the classification of stones for a rough discussion. First, mineral crystals. Wenshan Prefecture, the geographical environment with a variety of geological conditions to generate crystalline stone, is one of China’s major mineral crystal mineralization area. Rich reserves of crystalline metamorphic gneiss, mixed rock, granite, alkaline basalt, volcanic rock tube and so on. Wenshan is also warm and rainy because of the climate, strong weathering, loose dissociation, river ditch water system development, current handling, have produced and excavated crystal stone favorable conditions. In the state of Maguan, Malipo, Yanshan County has developed a large scale of magnesium aluminum garnet, crystal, agate, emerald, etc., especially in the emerald, garnet high grade, there are