安东·巴甫洛维奇·契诃夫生活在十九世纪末期俄国,他是世界文坛的一颗巨星。当时的俄国,沙皇是统治阶级的唯一权威,同时腐朽的农奴制又滋养了这种高度集权的特性。他们以上帝在人间的代表自居,拥有最高的话语权和统治权,威严与地位绝对不容许受到丝毫的怀疑和侵犯。沙皇武装了自己的军队和警察,完全操控着国家机器。军队和警察也全力维护并 Anton Pavlovich Chekhov lived in Russia at the end of the nineteenth century and was a superstar of the world literary world. At that time in Russia, the tsar was the sole authority of the ruling class, while the decadent serfdom nourished this highly centralized character. They represent themselves as God’s representatives on the earth, have the highest voice and dominance, and their dignity and status absolutely should not allow the slightest doubt and violation. The tsar armed himself with his army and police and had complete control over the state machine. The army and the police also fully support and maintain