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目的分析湖北省2008-2011年手足口病流行病学特征,为手足口病的防控提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对湖北省2008-2011年手足口病疫情监测资料进行统计分析。结果湖北省2008-2011年手足口病报告病例来自13个市(州)、3个省直管市、1个林区、103个县(区),共报告187 905例,其中重症347例,死亡51例;常年均有发病,发病时间呈双流行高峰(4～7月为主高峰,占62.11%;11～12月为次高峰,占16.42%);病例以4岁以下儿童为主,共172 159例,占91.62%;男女发病数比为1.80∶1,差异有统计学意义(χ2=34.86,df=3,P<0.01);病原学检测结果显示普通病例中肠道病毒71型(EV71)阳性率为52.18%(2 667/5 111),科萨奇病毒A16型(Cox A16)阳性率为27.27%(1 394/5 111),其他肠道病毒阳性率为20.54%(1 050/5 111);死亡和重症病例EV71阳性率分别为78.32%及94.87%。暴发疫情共18起(1 875例),以托幼和散居儿童为主(90.03%)。结论湖北省手足口病的流行形势较为严峻,应重点关注4～7月份的疫情,4岁以下的散居儿童、幼托儿童及EV71感染者是重点防控的对象。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Hubei Province from 2008 to 2011 and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the surveillance data of HFMD in Hubei Province from 2008 to 2011. Results The reported cases of hand-foot-mouth disease in 2008-2011 in Hubei province were from 13 cities (prefectures), 3 provinces (cities), 1 forest area and 103 counties (districts). A total of 187 905 cases were reported, of which 347 were severe, 51 cases died; perennial onset, the onset time was double peak (April to July the main peak, accounting for 62.11%; 11 to December for the next peak, accounting for 16.42%); cases of children under 4 years of age, A total of 172 159 cases, accounting for 91.62%; male to female incidence ratio was 1.80: 1, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 34.86, df = 3, P <0.01); etiological test results showed that common cases of enterovirus 71 The positive rate of EV71 was 52.18% (2 667/5 111), the positive rate of Cox A16 was 27.27% (1 394/5 111) and the positive rate of other enterovirus was 20.54% (1 050/5 111). The positive rates of EV71 in death and severe cases were 78.32% and 94.87% respectively. There were 18 outbreaks (1 875 cases) outbreaks, mainly child care and scattered children (90.03%). Conclusion The epidemic situation of hand, foot and mouth disease in Hubei Province is more serious. The epidemic situation in April and July should be focused on. The children under 4 years of age, preschool children and EV71 are the key prevention and control targets.