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目的观察成人语前聋人工耳蜗植入者嗓音的特点,为这类患者的植入及嗓音矫治提供依据。方法分别对28例语前聋成人人工耳蜗植入者、18例语前聋者和10例正常听力者的元音[a ]3s稳定段进行声学分析,分析内容包括基频、第一、第二共振峰、嗓音声学参数频率微扰商、振幅微扰商、谐噪比。对3组结果进行比较。结果人工耳蜗组的基频为(175 42±25 31)Hz,较耳聋组的(210 84±54 30)Hz有下降(P=0 02)。人工耳蜗组共振峰位置[F2 =(1264 64±152 19)Hz]比耳聋组[F2=(1422 44±232 37)Hz]更接近于正常听力组(P=0 02)。频率微扰商在人工耳蜗组(2 09±1 15)较耳聋组(5 32±4 29)更接近于正常听力组(P=0 006)。人工耳蜗组和耳聋组的嗓音表现出较大的个体差异。结论从嗓音声学特点的角度而言,成人语前聋人工耳蜗植入者可以有限地获益于人工耳蜗植入。由于他们的语言识别能力远远差于儿童和成人语后聋人工耳蜗植入者,其总体效果有限,对这类患者的植入应该慎重开展。
Objective To observe the voice features of adult cochlear implants in deaf adults and to provide basis for such patients’ implantation and voice correction. Methods The acoustic analysis of 28 vowel [a] 3s stable segments of prelingual deafness adult cochlear implants, 18 prelingual deafness subjects and 10 normal hearing subjects were performed respectively. The analysis included the fundamental frequency, the first and the second Second Formant, Frequency of Vocal Acoustic Parameters Perturbation quotient, amplitude perturbation quotient, harmonic ratio. Three sets of results were compared. Results The basic frequency of the cochlear implant group was (175 42 ± 25 31) Hz, while it was lower in the deafness group (210 84 ± 54 30) Hz (P = 0.02). The crescent position [F2 = (1264 64 ± 152 19) Hz] in the cochlear implant group was closer to the normal hearing group than in the deafness group [F2 = (1422 44 ± 232 37) Hz]. The frequency perturbation quotient was closer to the normal hearing group (P = 0 006) in the cochlear implant group (209 ± 115) than in the deaf group (532 ± 4 29). The voice of the cochlear implant group and deafness group showed a larger individual difference. CONCLUSIONS From the perspective of vocal acoustics, cochlear implants for prelingual deafness may benefit limitedly from cochlear implants. Because of their far less speech recognition than children and adults who have deaf cochlear implants, their overall effectiveness is limited and implantation of such patients should be carefully performed.