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[目的]了解广州市越秀区育龄妇女对艾滋病知识、态度和行为的情况,通过干预研究,探讨健康教育在该人群中的效果,为今后开展艾滋病健康教育提供依据。[方法]采用问卷调查方法对广州市越秀区育龄妇女进行基线调查,并对该人群健康教育干预后采用相同调查表进行调查。[结果]艾滋病知识总知晓率从干预前83.1%上升到干预后91.2%,对非传播途径的认识如“蚊虫叮咬可以传播AIDS”、“与AIDS病人共用卫生间、浴室会被传染”及“和AIDS患者同一个泳池游泳,会传染AIDS”的答对率从干预前62.8%、69.2%和81.1%提高到干预后的91.1%、89.2%和92.5%。相关态度总支持率从干预前86.1%上升到干预后93.2%,但涉及亲身利益时,其支持率仅从干预前37.2%提高到干预后的60.1%。安全套使用比例从干预前56.6%上升到干预后64.5%。[结论]健康教育在一定程度上能帮助育龄妇女提高对艾滋病的认识,尤其是对艾滋病非传播途径的认识,对艾滋病的态度和行为也有不同的改变。
[Objective] To understand the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of women of childbearing age in Yuexiu District of Guangzhou City through intervention research to explore the effect of health education in this population and provide the basis for future AIDS health education. [Methods] A questionnaire survey was used to survey the women of childbearing age in Yuexiu District of Guangzhou City. The same questionnaire was used to investigate the population after health education intervention. [Results] The total awareness rate of AIDS knowledge increased from 83.1% before intervention to 91.2% after intervention. The knowledge of non-transmission ways such as “mosquito bites can spread AIDS”, “sharing bathroom with AIDS patients, the bathroom will be infected The answer rate of ”swimming with AIDS patients in the same swimming pool and infecting AIDS" increased from 62.8%, 69.2% and 81.1% before intervention to 91.1%, 89.2% and 92.5% after intervention. The total support rate of related attitudes increased from 86.1% before intervention to 93.2% after intervention, but when it comes to personal interests, the support rate increased from 37.2% before intervention to 60.1% after intervention. The proportion of condom use increased from 56.6% before intervention to 64.5% after intervention. [Conclusion] Health education can help women of childbearing age to raise AIDS awareness to a certain extent, especially for the non-transmission of HIV / AIDS and their attitudes and behaviors towards AIDS.