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目的分析2008-2012年马鞍山市城市居民健康素养干预效果。方法以马鞍山市3个区的全部常住人口作为调查对象,采用分层随机抽样的方法,抽取621名城市居民利用大众媒体、健教材料对此进行宣传与健康素养干预,于2008年6月和2012年2月,分别对621和615人采用面对面访谈的方法进行问卷调查。在基线调查后,通过大众媒体、健康讲座、发放健康传播材料等方式对调查对象进行健康素养干预。通过比较两次调查结果,分析健康素养干预的效果。结果马鞍山市城市居民健康信念知晓率由2008年的59.3%提高到2012年的73.0%;健康知识的总体正确率由69.7%提高到2012年85.4%;健康日常行为习惯平均知晓率由61.5%提高到64.9%;健康技能相关知识知晓率由63.9%提高到66.5%。结论有效的健康教育方法,应该结合本地实际,因地制宜、因人施教地进行健康教育活动,积极倡导健康生活方式,将对提高公民健康素养具有重要作用。
Objective To analyze the intervention effect of health literacy among urban residents in Ma’anshan City from 2008 to 2012. Methods Taking all the resident population in 3 districts of Ma’anshan City as the survey subjects, 621 urban residents were selected to conduct publicity and health literacy intervention by means of stratified random sampling. In June 2008 and 2012 In February of the same year, questionnaires were conducted on 621 and 615 people using face-to-face interviews. After the baseline survey, health literacy interventions were conducted on the surveyed subjects through mass media, health talks and distribution of health communication materials. By comparing the results of two surveys, the effect of health literacy intervention was analyzed. Results The awareness rate of health beliefs among urban residents in Ma’anshan City increased from 59.3% in 2008 to 73.0% in 2012; the overall correctness rate of health knowledge increased from 69.7% to 85.4% in 2012; the average awareness rate of healthy daily behavior increased from 61.5% To 64.9%; awareness of health skills-related knowledge increased from 63.9% to 66.5%. Conclusion Effective methods of health education should be based on local conditions, according to local conditions, due to personal teaching health education activities, and actively promote a healthy lifestyle, will improve the health literacy of citizens plays an important role.