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牙鲆弹状病毒(Hirame rhabdovirus,HIRRV)可以引起牙鲆、香鱼等肌肉组织器官及内脏出血,造血器官坏死,给鱼类养殖带来巨大经济损失。HIRRV具有囊膜,属于弹状病毒科粒外弹状病毒属。病毒基因组为单股负链的RNA,长约11 000 bp,主要包含5个基因,可编码核蛋白(nucleoperotein,N)、磷蛋白(phosphoperotein,P)、基质蛋白(matrix preotein,M)、糖蛋白(glycoperotein,G)、依赖RNA的RNA酶(RNA polymerase protein,L)和非结构蛋白(nonvirion perotein,NV)。本文就目前国内外关于HIRRV的流行特点、生物学特征、分类地位、基因组及其蛋白产物的特征以及检测方法等方面进行了较为全面的概述,旨在为该病的预防、控制以及致病机理方面的研究提供依据。
Hirame rhabdovirus (HIRRV) can cause turbot, sweetfish and other musculoskeletal organs and visceral hemorrhage, hematopoietic organ necrosis, causing great economic losses to fish farming. HIRRV has an envelope, belonging to the genus Rhabdoviridae. The viral genome is a single-stranded minus-strand RNA, approximately 11 000 bp long and contains mainly 5 genes encoding nucleoperotein (N), phosphoperotein (P), matrix preotein (M), sugar Glycoperotein (G), RNA polymerase protein (L) and nonvirion perotein (NV). In this paper, the current domestic and foreign HIRRV epidemic characteristics, biological characteristics, taxonomic status, the characteristics of genomic and protein products and detection methods and so on a more comprehensive overview of the disease for the prevention, control and pathogenesis The research provides the basis.