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农业生产和气侯条件关系极为密切。农业生产的对象是生物有机体,它的生产过程是在外界自然条件下进行的,它所需要的物质是从周围环境中获得的,气候条件直接影响着农作物的生长发育和产量。在气候生态诸因子中,比较重要的是日照长短、温度和水分。早在本世纪二十年代就有人研究指出:每种作物开花时间的早晚都决定于目照长短,作物在某一阶段对昼夜长短的反应,称为光周期现象。作物对光照长短的反映不同可分为短日照作物、长日照作物、中间型作物三种类型。温度影响作物的发育速度和生育期长短,不同作物不同品种,不同发育期对温度都有一定的要求。任何一种作物的生命活动都有三个基点温度,
Agricultural production and climate conditions are closely related. The object of agricultural production is a living organism. Its production process is carried out under the natural conditions of the outside world. The material it needs is obtained from the surrounding environment. The climatic conditions directly affect the growth and yield of crops. Among the climatological factors, the more important are the length of daylight, temperature and moisture. As early as the 1920s, some studies pointed out that the crop flowering time of each crop depends on the length of the crop, and the response of the crop to the day-night length at a certain stage is called photoperiod. Crops reflect the different lengths of light can be divided into short-day crops, long-day crops, three types of intermediate crops. Temperature affects crop growth rate and length of growth period, different crops of different varieties, different developmental stages of the temperature have certain requirements. The life activity of any kind of crop has three base temperatures,