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TOPOG模型是基于热带森林小流域研究而开发的生态水文过程模型。为了检验该模型在模拟温带小流域森林水文影响方面的适用性,本文应用祁连山排露沟小流域2001年和2002年生长季的生态水文数据,运用TOPOG模型的“水量”模式模拟了流域的林冠截留、蒸散与径流等生态水文过程,并对其进行了检验。结果表明:TOPOG模型能准确的模拟雨量为5~25 mm的次降雨截留量;也能较准确的模拟海拔2730~3100 m的青海云杉林总蒸散量及其组成,以及海拔2700~2800 m的阳坡草地总蒸散量;模拟的生长季小流域径流量与实测值相一致。
The TOPOG model is an ecologic hydrological process model developed based on the study of tropical forest catchments. In order to test the applicability of this model in simulating the hydrological effects of forests in temperate small watershed, this paper applied the eco-hydrological data of the growing season in Paoluogou watershed of Qilian Mountains in 2001 and 2002, and simulated the watershed using “TOPOG model” Of the canopy interception, evapotranspiration and runoff ecological hydrological processes, and tested. The results show that the TOPOG model can accurately simulate the rainfall interception rainfall of 5 ~ 25 mm, and can also accurately simulate the total evapotranspiration and its composition of Picea crassifolia forests with the elevation of 2730 ~ 3100 m and the altitude of 2700 ~ 2800 m The total evapotranspiration of sunny slope grassland was similar to that of the simulated runoff.