总结了1986年4月26日苏联切尔诺贝利核电站事故对北半球一些国家的环境污染及农业影响,简单评价了它的放射学后果。文中给出了事故后各国环境监测结果、各国年人均有效剂量当量负担、植被、水体及农副产品的污染水平等数据。还列出了放射性核素在生态系中的一些转移系数并对一些放射生态学问题进行了扼要讨论。 Summarizes the environmental pollution and agricultural impacts on some countries in the northern hemisphere from the Chernobyl nuclear accident on April 26, 1986, and briefly evaluates its radiological consequences. The paper gives the environmental monitoring results of each country after the accident, the effective equivalent dose equivalent per capita in each country, the pollution levels of vegetation, water and agricultural and sideline products. Some transfer coefficients of radionuclides in ecosystems are also listed and some radiological issues are briefly discussed.