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激光增材制造是一种集激光、数字化、材料等学科为一体的新型制造技术,具有降维制造、复杂成型、材料利用率高等优点,按照其材料送进方式可分为铺粉式选择性激光熔化技术与送粉式激光熔化沉积技术。激光增材制造高温合金部件因其晶粒细小、组织均匀、力学性能优异,在航空航天领域已经得到了应用。从技术原理、微观组织、力学性能、致密度几个方面,综合论述激光增材制造在镍基高温合金的研究现状,指出了激光增材制造技术在轻量化设计、结构功能一体化器件方面的应用和发展趋势。
Laser additive manufacturing is a new type of manufacturing technology integrating laser, digitization, materials and other disciplines. It has the advantages of dimensionality reduction manufacturing, complex molding and high material utilization rate. According to the method of material feeding, Laser melting technology and powder feeding laser melting deposition technology. Laser additive manufacturing high temperature alloy components because of its fine grain, uniform organization, excellent mechanical properties, in the aerospace field has been applied. From the aspects of technical principle, microstructure, mechanical property and density, the research status of laser additive manufacturing in nickel base superalloy was comprehensively discussed. The laser additive manufacturing technology was pointed out in the aspects of lightweight design, structure and function integrated device Applications and trends.