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目的分析放射工作人员外周血淋细胞染色体畸变率、微核率,了解辐射对遗传物质的影响,为放射防护工作提供依据。方法常规微量全血培养法,分析形态清晰,数目完整,分散良好的淋巴细胞染色体、微核。结果2009年、2010年放射工作人员淋巴细胞染色体畸变率,(P>0.05)微核率(P>0.05)差别均无统计学意义。不同工种放射工作人员淋巴细胞染色体畸变率差别无统计学意义(P>0.05),微核率差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同放射工龄放射工作人员染色体畸变率差别无统计学意义(P>0.05),微核率差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同性别放射工作淋巴细胞染色体畸变率、微核率差别均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论长期受到小剂量电离辐射,对机体遗传细胞中染色体畸变率(dic+r)、和微核率有影响,所以应加强防护,减少电离辐射的损伤效应。
Objective To analyze the chromosome aberration rate and micronucleus rate of peripheral blood lymphocytes in radiation workers and to understand the influence of radiation on genetic material, so as to provide basis for radiation protection. Methods Conventional micro-whole blood culture method was used to analyze lymphocyte chromosomes and micronuclei with clear shape, complete number and good dispersion. Results In 2009 and 2010, there was no significant difference in lymphocyte chromosome aberration rate (P> 0.05) and micronucleus rate (P> 0.05) between radiation workers in 2009 and 2010. There was no significant difference in chromosome aberration rates among lymphocytes of different types of radiological workers (P> 0.05), and the difference of micronucleus rate was statistically significant (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the chromosome aberration rates among radiation workers with different radiological ages (P> 0.05). There was significant difference in micronucleus rate (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in chromosome aberration rate and micronucleus rate between lymphocytes in different genders (P> 0.05). Conclusion Long-term exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation has an impact on chromosome aberration rates (dic + r) and micronuclei in genetic cells. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the protection and reduce the damage effect of ionizing radiation.