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[目的]研究沙漠油田作业人群的职业危害及生活行为因素与高血压的关系.[方法]采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,抽取某沙漠油田2030名工人为研究对象,调查其职业危害因素(职业紧张和噪声)和生活行为因素(吸烟、饮酒、口味、蔬菜摄入等)与高血压的关联.职业紧张因素采用职业紧张量表修订版进行调查,人口学、噪声接触和生活行为因素采用自行设计的调查表进行调查.采用t检验、x2检验、多因素logistic回归等方法进行分析.[结果]回收有效问卷1 989份(有效率99.5％),油田工人中高血压患病率为30.6％.高血压患病率在不同性别、年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、文化程度、民族、婚姻状况、倒班情况、职称和工种间的差异无统计学意义,在不同吸烟情况、饮酒情况、每日蔬菜摄入量及噪声接触情况之间的差异有统计学意义(x2=290.82,P＜0.01;x2=52.73,P＜0.01;x2=6.04,P=0.049;x2=452.28,P＜0.01).职业紧张调查结果表明,患高血压者和未患高血压者的职业任务、任务过重、责任感、工作环境、躯体紧张反应的差异有统计学意义(t=2.19,P=0.029;t=2.51,P=0.0 12;t=2.04,P=0.042;t=2.36,P=0.018;t=1.98,P=0.048).多因素分析显示:年龄大(相对于20～29岁组,40～49岁组和50～60岁组的OR分为为1.65和2.19)、男性(相对于女性的OR为1.49)、BMI超重和肥胖(相对于BMI正常,OR分别为1.77和3.25)、经常饮酒(相对于不饮酒的OR为2.06)是高血压的危险影响因素;每日蔬菜摄入量多(相对于摄入量＜250g组,摄入量250～500g组和＞500g组的OR分别是0.73和0.67)是高血压的保护因素;职业紧张和噪声接触与高血压之间未见关联.[结论]年龄大、男性、饮酒是油田工人高血压的危险因素,未见职业紧张和噪声接触与高血压的关联.“,”[Objective] To assess the relationship of occupational hazards and behavior with hypertension among desert oil field workers.[Methods] A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 2 030 desert oil field workers as study subjects.The correlations among hypertension,occupational hazards (occupational stress and noise) and behaviour (smoking,drinking,diet,and vegetable intake) were assessed.Occupational stress was measured by Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition.Demographical,noise exposure and behaviour factors were measured by self-administered questionnaires.The data were analyzed by t-test,x2 test,and multiple logistic regression.[Results] A total of 1 989 valid questionnaires (99.5％) were returned.The prevalence rate of hypertension was 30.6％ in the oil field workers.The prevalence rate of hypertension showed no significant differences among the workers grouped by gender,age,body mass index (BMI),education level,ethnicity,marital status,shift work,job title,and type of job,but there were statistically significant differences in the prevalence rate of hypertension among those with different smoking,drinking,daily vegetable intake and noise exposure levels (x2=290.82,P ＜ 0.01;x2=52.73,P＜ 0.01;x2=6.04,P=0.049;x2=452.28,P ＜ 0.01,respectively).The results of Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition showed differences in occupational role,roleoverload,responsibility,physical environment,and physical strain between the two groups (t=2.19,P=0.029;t=2.51,P=0.012;t=2.04,P=0.042;t=2.36,P=0.018;t=-1.98,P=0.048,respectively).The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that older age (compared with 20-29 years,the ORs for 40-49 years and 50-60 years were 1.65 and 2.19 respectively),male (compared with female,the OR was 1.49),overweight and obese by BMI (compared with normal BMI,the ORs were 1.77 and 3.25 respectively),and often drinking (compared with no drinking,the ORs was 2.06) were the risk factors of hypertension,while more daily vegetable imake (compared with daily intake ＜250g,the ORs for daily intake of 250-500g and ＞500g were 0.73 and 0.67 respectively) was a protecting factor of hypertension.Occupational stress and noise exposure had no correlation with hypertension.[Conclusion] Older age,male,and drinking are risk factors of hypertension,but no correlation of hypertension is found with occupational stress and noise exposure.