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针对晋阳345和晋麦73两个定型品种存在抗寒性较差的缺点,对其幼胚愈伤组织进行了4种处理:1、愈伤组织在MD培养基上继代2～3次;2、愈伤组织在紫外灯下约10cm照射2h;3、愈伤组织在低温2℃和常温25℃下交替培养30d;4、愈伤组织在紫外灯下照射2h后,再在低温2℃和常温25℃下交替培养30d。结果表明,4个处理后代R2主要农艺性状的变异率差异显著,且紫外灯照射幼胚愈伤组织的变异率比低温2℃和常温25℃交替处理幼胚愈伤组织高,其后代各种农艺性状的变异范围较大,变异率较高。但后者有利于改良抗寒性较差的定型小麦品种。
In order to overcome the shortcoming of poor cold resistance of Jinyang 345 and Jinmai 73, four treatments of immature embryo callus were carried out: 1, Callus was subcultured on MD medium for 2 ~ 3 times ; 2, the callus irradiated about 10cm under ultraviolet light for 2h; 3, the callus cultured at low temperature 2 ℃ and room temperature alternately cultured 30 ℃ 30d; 4, callus in UV light irradiation 2h, then at low temperature 2 ℃ and room temperature at 25 ℃ for 30 days. The results showed that there were significant differences in the variability of the main agronomic traits of R2 among the four progenies, and the mutation rate of immature embryo callus was higher than that of 2 ℃ and 25 ℃, Agronomic traits of a larger range of variation, higher mutation rate. However, the latter is good for improving the fixed wheat varieties with poor cold resistance.