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结冰风洞是进行飞行器等结冰现象及防/除冰装置研究的重要地面模拟设备。随着过冷大水滴结冰现象对飞行性能及防除冰装置设计影响的重要性日益显现,以及过冷大水滴结冰条件适航标准的提出,亟需在结冰风洞中发展SLD结冰条件的模拟能力。本文分析了CFR14-25部附录O中所确定的SLD结冰条件及其对结冰风洞的相关模拟能力所提出的要求;介绍了目前国外几座具有典型代表意义的结冰风洞及气动中心的结冰风洞在发展SLD结冰条件模拟能力方面所取得的成果及所面临的问题。本文认为过冷大水滴的产生及其与云雾颗粒在风洞内的湍流混合、超大尺度的水滴在气流中的过冷以及宽滴谱范围的颗粒度分布测量等问题,是在发展SLD结冰条件模拟能力方面所面临的关键技术问题,提出了中国空气动力研究与发展中心在发展结冰风洞SLD模拟能力方面所采取的技术路线及关键技术解决方法。
The icing wind tunnel is an important ground simulation device for studying icing and anti-deicing devices such as aircraft. With the growing importance of the phenomenon of icy freezing and freezing of droplets on the flight performance and the design of anti-deicing devices, as well as the airworthiness standards for the conditions of icy and large droplets freezing, there is an urgent need to develop SLD icing in icing wind tunnels The ability to simulate conditions. This paper analyzes the conditions of SLD icing identified in Appendix O of CFR 14-25 and their requirements for the simulation capability of icy wind tunnel. Introduced several representative ice icing wind tunnels and pneumatic Results of the icing wind tunnel at the center and its problems in developing simulation capability of icing conditions of SLD. In this paper, it is considered that the generation of supercooled water droplets and its mixing with the turbulent flow of cloud particles in the wind tunnel, the overcooling of ultra-large-scale water droplets in the gas flow and the measurement of the particle size distribution in the wide droplet spectral range, The key technical issues facing the capability of simulating conditions, the technical route and key technical solutions adopted by China Aerodynamic Research and Development Center in developing SLD simulation capability of icing wind tunnel are put forward.