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为满足航天员出舱活动的需要,载人飞船气闸舱热控设计除采取载人飞船密封舱一般热控措施外,还需考虑出舱活动期间真空条件下舱内设备的温度控制要求。在出舱活动期间,气闸舱内设备的热量排散途径将发生变化,只有辐射和传导两种传热形式,同时出舱舱门打开会导致气闸舱漏热增加,由此引起舱内设备温度控制变化。通过热分析建模和地面试验,出舱活动期间气闸舱内设备温度的地面热试验数据在空间飞行任务中得到验证。
In order to meet the requirements of astronauts’ space-out activities, the thermal control design of manned spacecraft airlocks needs to consider the temperature control requirements of equipment in the cabin under vacuum during the spacecraft activities in addition to the general thermal control measures of manned spacecraft ballast tanks. During the cabin activity, the heat dissipation of the equipment in the airlock will change. Only radiation and conduction heat transfer modes are available, and the opening of the cabin door will lead to the increase of heat leak in the airlock, which will cause the cabin Equipment temperature control changes. Through thermal modeling and ground tests, ground-based thermal test data on the temperature of the airlock in-flight equipment during spacecraft activities was validated in space missions.