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先天愚型(Down综合征,21三体征)在新生儿中的发病率为1/600,是一种最常见的染色体疾病。如何降低先天愚型的发病率,是当前计划生育和优生工作中迫切需要解决的问题。先天愚型的染色体基础早已为人们熟知,但关于它的产生机理仍有很多问题尚未弄清。近年来的研究表明,近端着丝粒染色体的随体联合可能使减数分裂中染色体发生不分离,从而导致三体畸形儿出生,这一现象已经受到人们的普遍重视。随体联合的实质早在1961年,Ferguson-Smith和Handmarker就观察到一些染色体的随体相互粘附到一起,认为这是随体联合的表
Down’s syndrome, trisomy 21, is one of the most common chromosomal diseases in newborns. How to reduce the morbidity of Down’s syndrome is an urgent problem to be solved in the current family planning and eugenics work. The basis of Down’s syndrome has long been known, but there are still many questions about its mechanism of production. In recent years, studies have shown that the combination of proximal centromeric chromosomes may result in the non-segregation of chromosomes in meiosis, which leads to the birth of trisomies. This phenomenon has been widely recognized by people. As early as 1961, Ferguson-Smith and Handmarker observed that some of the chromosomal patches attach to each other, believing it to be a satellite-associated table