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目的 :了解乙肝疫苗接种率与发病、 HBs Ag携带状况 ,为乙肝免疫和防制对策提供依据。方法 :通过乙肝疫苗接种率、疫情报告和血清学、接种问卷调查资料 ,对疫苗影响乙肝流行特征进行分析。结果 :1988年我区将乙肝疫苗纳入计划免疫管理 ,1992年接种率 93% ,1996年后接种率趋近 10 0 %。按种疫苗改变了人群的乙肝感染模式 ,中小学生 HBs Ag阳性率从使用疫苗前的 12 .9%下降到现在的 8.1% ;人群乙肝发病率呈下降趋势 ,10岁前儿童下降最明显 ,发病率第一峰消失。中小学生 HBs Ag阳性率呈明显下降 ,但仍高水平 ,还存在 2 0～ 2 9岁发病高峰。结论 :乙肝疫苗是防制、消除乙肝的有效途径。为进一步降低发病率 ,仍需大力开展中小学生乃至全人群乙肝疫苗的普种工作。
Objective: To understand the incidence and incidence of hepatitis B vaccination, HBsAg carrier status, provide a basis for hepatitis B immunization and control strategies. Methods: According to hepatitis B vaccination rate, epidemic reports and serological survey and vaccination questionnaire survey, the epidemic characteristics of hepatitis B vaccine affected by the vaccine were analyzed. Results: In 1988, the hepatitis B vaccine was included in the planned immunization management in our district. The vaccination rate was 93% in 1992 and nearly 100% after 1996. According to the vaccine, the mode of hepatitis B infection in the population has changed. The positive rate of HBsAg among primary and secondary school students dropped from 12.9% before the vaccine to the present 8.1%. The incidence of hepatitis B in the population shows a downward trend, with the most obvious drop of the children before the age of 10 The first peak rate disappears. Primary and secondary HBsAg positive rate was significantly decreased, but still high levels, but also the incidence of 20 ~ 29 years old. Conclusion: Hepatitis B vaccine is an effective way to control and eliminate hepatitis B. In order to further reduce the incidence, it is still necessary to vigorously carry out the universal work of hepatitis B vaccine among primary and secondary school students and even the entire population.