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在我国现行刑法中,刑事犯罪涉及到一个重要概念——社会危害性。社会危害性理论最初是苏联刑法所定义的概念,其对于现代法律的完善和促进起到了不可忽视的作用,目前,社会危害性仍是刑事处罚中的一个重要量刑标准。刑事犯罪必然产生不同程度的社会危害性,同样的,社会危害性的概念包括多个层次,例如形式概念、本质概念以及一些交叉概念。欲正确辨析刑事处罚中社会危害性的概念,则需要从刑事犯罪的形成、社会危害性理论的产生等方面进行梳理探究。本文从刑法上的定罪原则,对刑事处罚中社会危害性概念进行了法理梳理,从客观角度上分析刑事处罚与社会危害性的相悖性与统一性。
In China’s current criminal law, criminal offenses involve an important concept - social harm. The theory of social harmfulness was originally defined by the Soviet criminal law, which played an important role in the perfection and promotion of modern law. At present, the social harmfulness is still an important sentencing standard in criminal punishment. Criminal crimes inevitably produce different degrees of social harmfulness. The same concept of social harmfulness includes multiple levels, such as formal concepts, essential concepts and some cross-concepts. To correctly distinguish the concept of social harmfulness in criminal punishment, we need to sort out the formation of criminal offenses and the emergence of social harmfulness theory. Based on the principle of conviction in criminal law, this article combs the concept of social harmfulness in criminal punishment from the perspective of law and analyzes the incompatibility and unity of criminal punishment and social harmfulness from an objective point of view.