湖北省水田冬播作物主要有绿肥(紫云英、苕子)、油菜和麦类三大类型。各类农作物由于其本身的生物学特性及其所要求的栽培条件不同,对土壤肥力及后作物的影响也就各不相同。从生产实践和试验研究的材料来看,很显然,绿肥是以养地为主的作物,油菜在一定程度上是用地与养地相结合的作物,而麦类是以用地为主的作物。正如农谚所说。“油(菜)肥田,麦吃谷”。这三类作物,在水田地区冬季如能得到合理安排,对增加粮、油单产和总产,提高土地肥力是极为有利的。现将油菜用地养地有关材料整理如下,供参考。 Winter paddy crops in paddy fields in Hubei Province are mainly green manure (Astragalus sinicus, prickly heat), rape and wheat three types. Because of their own biological characteristics and the different cultivation conditions required for various types of crops, the effects on soil fertility and after-crops are also different. From the perspective of production practices and experimental studies, it is clear that green manures are mainly farmland-based crops, and that rapeseed is to some extent a combination of land and upland, while wheat is a land-based crop. As the saying goes. “Oil (vegetables) fertilizer field, wheat eat Valley.” If these three types of crops can be reasonably arranged in the paddy field in winter, it is extremely beneficial to increase grain yield, total yield and increase the fertility of the land. The rape is now raising land to organize the following materials for reference.