利用光谱形状复用技术和模拟退火算法对光栅光谱重叠现象进行了理论分析和实验研究,分别研究了2个、3个和4个光栅光谱部分重叠和完全重叠时的区分识别情况。研究结果表明,当光纤光栅反射谱发生部分重叠或完全重叠时,可以利用模拟退火算法实现光栅的区分识别,且不多于4个光栅的光谱重叠能够被很好地区分识别,波长识别误差小于10 pm,实验结果与理论能够很好地吻合。此方法为大规模光纤光栅传感网络中光栅复用解调提供了一种可供选择的解决方案。 Spectral shape multiplexing technique and simulated annealing algorithm were used to analyze and experimentally study the spectral overlap of the grating. The discrimination of two, three and four grating spectra were studied respectively. The results show that when the FBG reflection spectra partially overlap or completely overlap, the simulated annealing algorithm can be used to distinguish the gratings, and the spectral overlap of no more than four gratings can be well discriminated. The wavelength identification error is less than 10 pm, the experimental results and theory can well fit. This method provides an alternative solution for grating multiplexing demodulation in large-scale fiber grating sensing networks.