岩体工程开挖后的应力调整和变形与施工的具体方法和时空间效应相关,对于开挖边界等效释放荷载的模拟问题,常用的方法有应力释放法和参数弱化法。总结了应力释放法和参数弱化法两种方法的原理和优缺点,考虑在无渗流场和渗流场的两种情况,对一典型引水隧洞开挖问题中释放荷载的模拟,分别采用上述方法进行数值计算和对比分析,并采用其中的应力释放法应用于锦屏深埋引水隧洞施工开挖围岩稳定分析。分析结果表明,等效荷载释放率相同时,无渗流场情况和有渗流场情况均为应力释放法对隧洞周边应力扰动最大,应力释放法和参数间接弱化法计算结果较为相似,直接参数弱化法计算结果与二者相差较大;锦屏隧洞在实际开挖时应该采取措施控制水平方向的等效荷载释放,实际开挖工程中的同一断面不同位置的荷载释放会存在差异,将影响最终开挖损伤区的范围和损伤程度。 The stress adjustment and deformation after excavation of rock mass are related to the concrete construction method and the time-space effect. For the simulation of the equivalent release load at the excavation boundary, the common methods are the stress release method and the parameter weakening method. The principle, advantages and disadvantages of two methods of stress relaxation and parameter weakening are summarized. Considering the two cases of no seepage field and seepage field, the simulation of releasing load in a typical diversion tunnel excavation is carried out by the above methods Numerical calculation and comparative analysis, and the stress release method is applied to the stability analysis of the surrounding rock of excavation in Jinping deep-water diversion tunnel. The analysis results show that when the equivalent load release rates are the same, the stress-free method is the most stress-perturbation around the tunnel, and the stress relaxation method and indirect weakening method are similar. The direct weakening method The difference between the calculated results and the two is quite large; in the actual excavation, Jinping tunnel should take measures to control the release of the equivalent load in the horizontal direction. There will be differences in the load release at different positions of the same section in the actual excavation project, Dig the area of ​​damage and the degree of damage.