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目的:确定香港地区血压正常的母亲在发生妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)后是否发展成高血压。方法:选择依据WHO标准诊断为轻度GDM的单胎晚期妊娠孕妇58例为试验组进行回顾性研究,同时选择年龄、产次与试验组匹配的正常孕妇作对照组,比较两组孕期和产后6周的血压及母体体质参数。结果:孕妇与对照组相比,GDM组身材较矮小,但体重和体重指数相近;GDM组在孕28周、孕32周和孕36周收缩压及舒张压显著升高,分娩前的舒张压显著升高,但脉压差除孕32周外两组无显著性差异;产后6周的血压两组也无显著性差异。对照组从孕12～36周,收缩压和舒张压均显著性低于产后6周GDM的血压值;而GDM组只有孕18周、孕24周的收缩压以及孕18～28周的舒张压低于产后6周相应血压值。结论:妊娠晚期血压正常,仅以饮食治疗的GDM对收缩压、舒张压都有明显影响,但与脉压差的变化无关。
Objective: To determine if a normotensive mothers in Hong Kong develop hypertension after gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: Fifty-eight pregnant women with singleton pregnancy diagnosed with mild GDM were selected as the experimental group for retrospective study. At the same time, normal pregnant women matched for age, parity and test group were selected as the control group. The pregnancy and postnatal period 6 weeks of blood pressure and maternal physique parameters. Results: Compared with the control group, pregnant women had shorter stature but lower body weight and body mass index. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly increased in GDM group at 28 weeks of gestation, 32 weeks of gestation and 36 weeks of gestation. Before diastole But there was no significant difference in pulse pressure difference between the two groups except 32 weeks pregnant; there was no significant difference between the two groups in blood pressure 6 weeks after delivery. In control group, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly lower than those of GDM at 6 weeks postpartum from 12 to 36 weeks of gestation. In GDM group, only systolic blood pressure at 18 weeks and 24 weeks and diastolic blood pressure decreased from 18 to 28 weeks 6 weeks postpartum corresponding blood pressure value. Conclusion: The nocturnal blood pressure in the third trimester of pregnancy was significantly higher than that of the diet-only GDM, but not with changes in pulse pressure.