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叶片适度卷曲是水稻理想株型育种中的重要性状之一。按NCⅡ遗传交配设计,以5份不同卷曲程度的水稻卷叶近等基因系为母本与5个常用恢复系相互杂交配组得到25个杂交组合,考察各杂交组合的10个主要农艺性状并进行配合力和遗传力分析。结果表明:单株穗数、结实率、生育期这3个性状主要受基因加性效应控制,遗传力较高,其他性状受基因加性和非加性效应共同影响,剑叶宽受基因非加性效应的影响最大;各杂交组合的剑叶卷曲度主要受供试母本中的卷叶基因所控制;近等基因系QMX(YSBR1)的一般配合力效应高,由其配制的杂交组合的单株产量最高,是较好的育种亲本;其次为QMX(5408)和QMX(PS)。研究结果可为进一步开展卷叶高产品种的选育和定位高育种价值的卷叶基因提供重要参考依据。
Moderate leaf curling is one of the important traits in rice plant-type breeding. According to the NCⅡ genetic mating design, 25 hybrid combinations were obtained from 5 rice lines with different degrees of curl and two commonly used restorer lines, and 10 main agronomic traits were examined Combining ability and heritability analysis. The results showed that the three traits per plant such as panicle number, seed setting rate and growth period were mainly controlled by gene additive effect, with higher heritability. The other traits were affected by both additive and non-additive effects. The effect of additive effect was the greatest. The curl degree of the flag leaf of each cross was controlled by the leaf curl gene in the tested female parent. The QD of the near-isogenic line QMX (YSBR1) The highest yield per plant was better breeding parents; followed by QMX (5408) and QMX (PS). The results provide an important reference for further carrying out the selection of high-yielding varieties of leaf curl and the value of the leaf-opening genes for high breeding value.