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对小学3、4年级的285名儿童进行了3年追踪调查,分析了儿童分别与男、女生互选友谊数的变化趋势及其在个体间的差异,探讨了外部攻击和关系攻击分别对两类互选友谊数的影响。结果表明:(1)儿童的男、女生互选友谊数在3年时间内都有显著的增加趋势,并表现出显著的性别差异,儿童与同性互选友谊数显著多于他们与异性的互选友谊数,男生与女生互选友谊数的增加速度比女生与女生互选友谊数增加速度慢,儿童与男生的互选友谊数越多,他/她与女生的互选友谊数就越少,表明了性别疏离现象的存在。(2)在控制了关系攻击的影响后,儿童的外部攻击对他们在各时间点测得的与女生的互选友谊数有显著的消极影响,而对他们与男生的互选友谊数影响不显著;在控制了外部攻击的影响后,儿童的关系攻击对他们在各时间点测得的与女生的互选友谊数有显著的积极影响,而对他们与男生的互选友谊数影响不显著。这说明外部攻击和关系攻击对儿童互选友谊数的影响存在性别差异。
Three-year follow-up survey of 285 children in Year 3 and Grade 4 in primary school was carried out. The trends of changes in the number of children’s reciprocal friendship with boys and girls and their differences among individuals were analyzed. The effects of external attacks and relationship attacks on the two The influence of the type of reciprocal friendship. The results showed that: (1) The number of children’s male and female elective friends increased significantly in three years and showed significant gender differences. The number of friendship between children and same-sex erections was significantly more than that of the opposite sex The number of friendships selected, the rate at which boys and girls alternate with each other, increase at a slower rate than the number of girls and girls who alternate with each other, the slower the number of friendships between children and boys, the lower the number of friendships he / she and girls reciprocate , Indicating the existence of gender alienation. (2) After controlling for the impact of the relational attacks, the child’s external attacks have a significant negative effect on the number of girls’ inter-elected friendships measured at each time point, but not on the number of their reciprocal friendship with boys Significantly; after controlling for the impact of external attacks, the children’s relationship attacks had a significant positive effect on the number of girls’ inter-elected friendship as measured by them at various time points, but had no significant effect on the number of their reciprocal friendships with boys . This shows that there are gender differences in the impact of external attacks and relationship attacks on the number of children’s elective friendship.