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铜川是陕西和西北重要的耐火粘土基地。为了解铜川地区各种耐火粘土的性质特征,我们运用多种测试手段(偏光显微镜、化学分析、差热分析、X射线衍射分析、红外吸收光谱分析等),对石炭二叠纪地层中三个不同层位、四种高岭石泥岩,进行了比较系统地测试、分析和对比。本文初步探讨了这些高岭石泥岩的成因;指出了造成硬质粘土和软质粘土、同层位的灰白色硬质粘土和灰黑色硬质粘土明显差别的某些原因;提到了铜川地区的耐火粘土,与一般情况不同,它们不是b轴无序高岭石。依根四种高岭石泥岩的化学组成、结晶程度、有序度和耐火度高低,本文认为铜川地区质量最好的硬质粘土,是上石炭统上部5号煤层中的高岭石泥岩央矸。
Tongchuan is an important fire-resistant clay base in Shaanxi and northwest. In order to understand the characteristics of various fire-resistant clays in Tongchuan, we used a variety of testing methods (polarized light microscopy, chemical analysis, differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, infrared absorption spectroscopy, etc.), and three of the Carboniferous Permian formations. Different layers and four kinds of kaolinite mudstones were systematically tested, analyzed and compared. This paper tentatively discusses the causes of these kaolinite mudstones; points out some of the causes of the apparent differences between hard clays and soft clays, gray-white hard clays in the same layer, and gray-black hard clays; mentions the fire resistance in the Tongchuan area. Clays, unlike the general situation, are not b-axis disordered kaolinite. Based on the chemical composition, degree of crystallinity, degree of order, and refractoriness of the four kaolinite mudstones, this article believes that the best quality hard clay in the Tongchuan area is the kaolinite mudstone in the upper 5th coal seam of the Upper Carboniferous. Hey.