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目的分析天津市二级以上医院公共卫生人力资源现状,为建立结构合理的医院公共卫生人才队伍提供依据。方法采用普查方法对天津市100所二级以上医院进行调查,采用Epidata软件建立数据库,应用SPSS 13.0进行统计分析。结果2013年调查88所天津市二级以上医院公共卫生人员共786人,每所医院配备公共卫生人员中位数为9.0人;93.13%公共卫生人员有正式编制;65.01%公卫人员为专职工作人员;性别以女性为主占69.21%;年龄以40~49岁组为主占37.53%;学历以大专及以下为主占48.99%;专业以护理和临床等医疗专业为主占75.83%,预防医学专业人员仅占8.27%;职称以中级以上为主占58.65%。不同等级医院间公共卫生人力资源特征比较,三级医院在正式编制、高学历、高职称3方面好于二级医院,差异有统计学意义(χ2=18.796,P=0.000;χ2=51.758,P=0.000;χ2=43.121,P=0.000)。结论天津市二级以上医院公共卫生人力资源配备不尽合理,应尽快制定统一的医院公共卫生人员配备标准,加强其人力资源建设。
Objective To analyze the status quo of public health human resources in hospitals above the second class in Tianjin and provide the basis for establishing a reasonable structure of public health personnel in hospitals. Methods Census method was used to investigate more than 100 hospitals in the second class in Tianjin. Epidata software was used to establish a database and SPSS 13.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results In 2013, a total of 78 public health workers in 88 hospitals in secondary level and above were surveyed in Tianjin. The median number of public health workers in each hospital was 9.0. 93.13% of public health workers were officially compiled. 65.01% of public health workers were employed full time Staff; gender, mainly women accounted for 69.21%; aged 40-49-year-old group accounted for 37.53%; education with college and below accounted for 48.99%; professional nursing and clinical medical professionals accounted for 75.83%, prevention Medical professionals accounted for only 8.27%; job title to mid-level or above accounted for 58.65%. The comparison of the characteristics of public health human resources among different levels of hospitals shows that the tertiary hospitals are better than the secondary hospitals in formal establishment, high education and high vocational education (χ2 = 18.796, P = 0.000; χ2 = 51.758, P = 0.000; χ2 = 43.121, P = 0.000). Conclusion The public health human resources in hospitals above the second class in Tianjin are not fully equipped. We should formulate a uniform standards for the allocation of public health workers in hospitals and strengthen the construction of human resources.