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近代铁路土地的征购,既是关系铁路建设的重要问题,也是关乎地方社会稳定的棘手问题。土地的征购,涉及与地方社会的产权交易。为了获得铁路建设用地,路矿当局联合地方政府,在组织上,拉拢地方士绅组建征地机构,协调与沿线民众的关系,协助土地征购的实现;在交易原则上,尊重民间习惯法,维护民众利益,提高征地价格,吸引民众出让土地;在交易形式上,对个人和共有土地,分别采取收买与兑换的方式实施征购;在善后问题上,妥善安置失业佃农和业主,保持社会稳定。
The acquisition of modern railway land is not only an important issue concerning the construction of railway links, but also a thorny issue concerning the stability of local society. Land acquisitions involve property transactions with local communities. In order to obtain the land for railroad construction, the road and mining authorities, in conjunction with the local governments, draw on the organization the local gentry to form land requisition agencies, coordinate the relations with the people along the roads and assist in the realization of the land requisition; in principle, respect the common customary law and safeguard the interest of the public , Raise the price of land acquisition and attract people to sell land. In terms of transaction forms, purchase and redemption of individuals and common land should be taken separately. On the issue of aftermath, the unemployed tenant farmers and landlords should be properly resettled to maintain social stability.