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权力及社会治理术是福柯思想的主题,福柯认为社会治理是现代国家职能的转向,现代社会治理与知识、科学联系在一起。福柯重点探讨了现代社会对人的规训和管制,通过分解、优化、各种程序、档案记录、全景敞视、灵魂关照等方式,造就驯服的身体和顺从的人。晚期的福柯发现了社会治理实质是对人口的治理,目的为了维持人们好的生活,使生活更便利。在他看来,现代社会对抗权力的主要途径还在于个体自己,个体应关照自己,治理好自己,让自己的生活成为艺术品。
Power and social management are the themes of Foucault’s thinking. Foucault believes that social governance is a shift in the functions of the modern state. Modern social governance is associated with knowledge and science. Foucault focuses on the regulation and control of people in the modern society and creates a tamed body and a compliant person through decomposition, optimization, various procedures, archival records, panoramic views, and soul care. Later Foucault found that the essence of social governance is to control the population in order to maintain a good life and make life more convenient. In his view, the main way in which modern society confronts power lies in the individual itself. Individuals should take care of themselves, control themselves and make their own lives a work of art.