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语义迁移是指一种语言对另一种语言在语义层面的影响。作为语义迁移的一个分支,语义反向迁移现象普遍存在于翻译文本之中,并对原语言的表达初衷与目标语的呈现习惯产生重大影响(艾利斯,2008)。本研究选取了英国著名女性作家简·奥斯汀的代表作《傲慢与偏见》以及它的两个中译本作为文本材料来进行分析,界定了语义反向迁移在翻译中的表现形式,并对相应的迁移现象作出了必要的分类,旨在深入探讨语义反向迁移在翻译实践中产生的原因及其对翻译实践的影响。通过分析,可知在当今的跨文化交际领域,语义反向迁移已经成为了一项不可避免的问题。一方面,它为人们提供了一个独特的观察视角来深入地理解并掌握一种全新的语言。另一方面,其为人们打开了一扇深刻领悟本国语言的大门。作为语言使用者,尤其是翻译者,加深第二语言对第一语言的研究是非常必要的。无论是源语言还是目标语言,都应得到同样的重视,因为这关系到跨文化交际是否能够顺利进行。因此,深入研究不同文化碰撞与整合的结果——翻译就显得尤为必要和意义深重。
Semantic transfer refers to a language on the other language at the semantic level. As a branch of semantic transfer, the phenomenon of reverse semantic transfer is common in translation texts, and has a significant impact on the original intention of the original language and the presentation habits of the target language (Alice, 2008). In this study, Jane Austen’s famous book “Pride and Prejudice” and its two Chinese versions are selected as the textual material for analysis. The paper defines the forms of translating semantic reverse in translation, The phenomenon has made the necessary classification, in order to probe deeply into the reasons why the semantic reverse migration occurred in translation practice and its influence on translation practice. Through analysis, we can see that in the field of intercultural communication today, the semantic reverse migration has become an inevitable problem. On the one hand, it provides a unique perspective for people to understand and master a completely new language. On the other hand, it opens the door to people’s deep understanding of their own language. As a language user, especially a translator, it is necessary to deepen the study of the second language in the first language. Both the source language and the target language deserve the same attention because it is related to whether cross-cultural communication can proceed smoothly. Therefore, in-depth study of the consequences of the collision and integration of different cultures - translation is particularly necessary and of great significance.