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Avocado sunblotch viroid (ASBVd) was listed as quarantine pest in Catalogue of Quarantine Pest for Import Plants to the Peoples Republic of China.The risk of invasion of the viroid was on the increasing with development of foreign trade.Therefore the prediction of potential geographic distribution areas and pest risk analysis should be done urgently.In this paper potential geographic distribution areas of Avocado sunblotch viroid in China were predicted with niche model maxent.Through validating prediction result and analyzing technical parameter AUC-value, it is sure that niche model maxent is suitable for predicting potential distribution areas of the ASBVd in China.At the same time the useful method would be utilized to predict potential geographic distribution areas of other plant viroids.