Shikonin has extensive pharmacological activities, which is widely used in clinic.However, the precise mechanism of shikonin against allergic inflammation remains poorly understood.The aim of our study was to investigate the underlying mechanism of shikonin treatment in mice asthma model and airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs).In the present study, first we found that shikonin alleviated airway inflammation and remodeling in vivo.Additionally, treatment with shikonin inhibited the proliferation of ASMCs induced by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in vitro.Moreover, shikonin could dose dependently inhibit the activation of NF-κ B signaling pathway.Finally we found that shikonin could inhibit the migration potency in vitro and in vivo, which was regulated by NF-κ B signaling pathway.In conclusion,our studies suggest that shikonin alleviates allergic inflammation by inhibiting the NF-κ B signaling pathway, which may be a potential phytochemical naphthoquinone compound for therapeutics of bronchial asthma.