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以往探讨厂商创新动机和市场结构的文献,通常假定厂商创新为工艺创新,结论一般为厂商数目和厂商创新动机之间成单调的负向关系,即厂商数目越多,厂商创新动机越弱。改变以往文献厂商进行工艺创新的假设,在市场上只有一家厂商能够进行小幅产品创新的假设下,分析厂商创新动机和市场结构(厂商数目)的关系,结论发现:在伯川德(Bertrand)竞争下,若厂商之间产品同质性较高,则厂商数目与厂商研发动机成单调负向关系;若产品差异性越高,则厂商研发动机与厂商数目成“倒U”型关系,即厂商研发动机随着厂商数目增加先递增后递减。在古诺(Cournot)竞争下,无论产品差异大小,厂商研发动机与厂商数目均为“倒U”型关系。
In the past, the literature on firms ’innovation motivation and market structure generally assumed that firm innovation was a process innovation. The conclusion was generally that there was a monotonous negative relationship between the number of firms and their motivation for firm innovation. That is, the more firms, the weaker the firms’ motivation for innovation. By changing the hypothesis of previous document manufacturers in process innovation, the author analyzes the relationship between firms’ innovative motivation and market structure (the number of firms) on the assumption that only one firm can make small product innovations in the market. The conclusion is that under Bertrand competition If the product homogeneity between firms is high, the number of firms and the motivation of firm research and development are in a monotonous negative direction. If the product differentiation is higher, the motivation of firm research and development and the number of firms become “inverted U” That is, the motivation of manufacturers to research and develop as the number of manufacturers increases first and then decrease. Under the competition of Cournot, regardless of the difference of product size, the motivation of manufacturer research and manufacturer are both “inverted U” type.