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Methods: Twenty 6~8 weeks male Lewis rats were divided into normal group,EAM group,CD40siRNA group and siRNA group by using random number table,with 5 rats in each group.The normal rats were induced with phosphate buffer saline in double foot pads on day 0 and day 7,the rest of 3 groups were induced with cardiac myosin protein to establish EAM model.The rats in CD40siRNA group and siRNA group were respectively injected with CD40siRNA and siRNA slow virus expression vector through the tail vein of rats on day 7.The rats were executed on 21 day after echocardiogram examination was made.Observation the gross appearance of rat heart changes,weighing the heart weight,and the heart heart mass/body ratio were calculated.The histopathologic changes were observed by light microscope and the myocardial histopathology scores were calculated.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to determine the level of IL-17 and IL-23 in peripheral blood.Result: 1 Except the normal group,the total incidence rate of rats of each group was 100%,and no rats died.2.EAM group and siRNA group have one rat with pale visible region and effusion in heart surface in each group.CD40siRNA group compared with normal group did not see obvious abnormal in gross appearance.3.Compared with EAM group,the heart mass/body ratio and myocardial histopathology scores were lower in CD40siRNA group(3.13±0.21 vs 3.80±0.29,2.22±0.43 vs 3.32±0.51,F=0.332,0.456,P < 0.05).4.The echocardiogram showed that EAM group had only one rat with massive pericardial effusion,without pericardial effusion in CD40siRNA group.EAM group,CD40siRNA group and siRNA group displayed the hypertrophy of the ventricular septum and left ventricular wall,heart cavity narrow and the weakening ventricular wall motion.The left ventricular shortening rate(LVFS)in CD40siRNA group were significantly higher than that in the EAM group [(63.34±11.06)%vs(38.56±6.98)%,F=16.080,P<0.05].5.The peripheral blood level of IL-21 in CD40siRNA group was lower than that in EAM group [(141.19±17.46)ng/L vs(157.81±17.58)ng/L,F=57.008,P<0.05],and its level of IL-35 was significantly higher than that in the EAM group [(195.96±18.26)ng/L vs(174.78±13.91)ng/L,F=31.727,P<0.05].6.The level of IL-21 in peripheral blood was positively correlated with myocardial histopathology scores in EAM group(r = 0.69,P < 0.05),and IL-35 was negatively correlated with myocardial histopathology scores(r =-0.64,P < 0.05).Conclusion: CD40siRNA might relieve myocardial inflammation and reduce the myocardial injury of EAM rats.The level of IL-21 and IL-35 can partly reflect the degree of myocardial injury.The mechanism may be related to down-regulate IL-21 and up-regulate the expression of IL-35.