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Argon gas purgingin liquid steel plays a significant role in the ladle metallurgy.One key aspect ofthis processis the bubble transport and slag layer behavior.Bubble movement plays a significant role in the phase structure andcauses the unsteady complex turbulent flow pattern.This is one of the mostcrucial shortcomings of the current two-fluid models.The present work advised a mathematical model using the large eddy simulation(LES)approach coupled with both the Eulerian volume of fluid(VOF)and the Lagrangian discrete phase model(DPM)to simulate the gas stirring process.The argon gas bubble is tracked using the Lagrangian approach.And the liquid-slag-air free surfaces are tracked using the VOF model.The procedure ofbubble coming out of the liquid and getting into the air is modeled using a user-defined function.The results show that the current LES–DPM–VOF coupledmodel can well predict the unsteady bubble movement,slag eye formation,interface fluctuation,and particularly slag entrainment.