Objective: To confirm the brains neurogliocyte proliferation and activation induced by composited Aβ using the succeSBFul model rats.And,through examination of neurogliocyte number and related to activated proteins to define the improvement of Scutellaria barbata flavonoids(SBF)on memory impairment and neuropathological disorder induced by composited Aβ on account of inhibition of neurogliocyte proliferation and activation.Methods: The cerebral injuries model was established by rats received intracere-broventricular injection of RHTGF-β1,Aβ25-35 and AlCl3 and then accepted SBF treatment.All the rats were decapitated 60 min after the last SBF administered,and then the brain was gently separated on ice.SABC immunohistochemical method were used to detect astrocyte(AS),neuronal nitric oxide synthase(nNOS)and induced nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)protein expressions,the silver carbonate was used for microglia(MG)number measurement,quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)method was used for endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS)mRNA expression,western blotting method was for determination of glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP),leukocyte common antigen(CD45),heat shock protein(HSP)protein expressions,RT-PCR method was used for detecting ApoE mRNA expression and ELISA methods were for measurement of interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),IL-6,IL-8)and IL-10 levels,respectively.Results: The number of AS and MG,the protein expressions of GFAP/CD45/HSP70 and iNOS,the mRNA expressions of ApoE and eNOS,and the levels of TNF/IL-6/IL-8 were all significantly increased(P<0.01),and the protein expression of nNOS and the levels of IL-1β and IL-10 were dramatically lowered(P<0.01)in model control rats brain,respectively,as compared with sham control.Interestingly,35,70 and 140 mg/kg SBF can differently reverse the above detrimental changes induced by composited Aβ25-35 in rats brain.Conclusions: The composited Aβ can cause neurogliocyte proliferation and activation and accompanied by the abnormal expressions of GFAP/CD45HSP70/iNOS/NOS and aberrant levels of IL-1β,TNF-α,IL-6,IL-8 and IL-10.SBF can significantly reverse the above detrimental changes,which suggested that the improvement of SBF on memory deficits and neurologicdamages derived from suppressing the neurogliocyte proliferation and activation induced by composited Aβ.