Objective: Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.is more commonly used in Chinese herbs/constituents (e.g.Kang Zhen Zhi Jing No.1 powder) for Parkinson’ disease (PD) treatment in folk medicines.The present study was to scientifically evaluate the anti-Parkinsonian activities of P.multiflorum Thunb.on Caenorhabditis elegans(C.elegans),and on the other hand,2,3,5,4’-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-d-glucoside (TSG),as the main active constituent of P.multiflorum.was also evaluated the anti-Parkinsonian effect.Material and methods: The anti-Parkinsonian activities of P.multiflorum Thunb.and TSG was investigated in the neurotoxic and transgenic PD models of C.elegans and provide future references for basic and clinical investigations.The present study utilized the powerful genetics of model system (C.elegans).Two different strains of C.elegans; a transgenic model expressing ‘‘human’’ alpha synuclein (Pdat-1::alphasynuclein::Pcat-1:EYFP),and a pharmacological model expressing enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP) specifically in the dopaminergic neurons (Pcat-1::EYFP) treated with selective catecholaminergic neurotoxin rotenone,were employed for the study.The study examined the effect of P.multiflorum Thunb.and TSG on degeneration of dopaminergic neurons,content of ROS of the nematodes.Results: Our studies show that P.multiflorum Thunb.and TSG prevents dopaminergic neurodegeneration and declines the ROS content in nematodes.Conclusions: we have scientifically validated that P.multiflorum Thunb.did have a significant anti-Parkinsonian effect of its own.The data of the present study suggested that the protective activity of is associated mainly with suppression of ROS production.TSG is the bio-active compound of P.multiflorum Thunb.on C.elegans models.