重载列车中发生的纵向动力作用,给车辆及其车钩装置的设计制造带来了新的问题,按照一般列车中货车及其部件的传统设计要求是不能适应重载列车严峻的运用条件的,我国正在发展的重载列车(包括:单元列车和合并列车),要按新的概念设计并使用新的技术制造的车钩缓冲装置装备起来的货车来组成。正确的方针应该是引进国外高强度车钩和大容量缓冲器的制造技术,尽快改变我国铁路工业的落后面貌,以满足铁路运输串业发展的迫切要求,而迁就旧型车的底架强度,继续采用小容量缓冲器是错误的。 Longitudinal dynamic effects in heavy haul trains bring new problems to the design and manufacture of vehicles and their coupler devices. According to the traditional design requirements of trucks and their components in general trains, harsh operating conditions of heavy haul trains can not be met, The heavy-haul trains (including unit trains and combined trains) that are under development in our country are to be constructed according to the new conceptual design and the truck equipped with the coupler-bump using the new technology. The correct guideline should be to introduce the manufacturing technology of foreign high-strength coupler and large-capacity buffer to change the backwardness of China’s railway industry as soon as possible so as to meet the urgent requirements of the development of railway transportation industry. Small capacity buffer is wrong.