Objective To observe the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells of Parkinsons disease model mice and the mood change.Methods 72 male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four experimental groups: normal saline group (NS), PD model group (PD), sham-rTMS group (s-rTMS) and rTMS group (rTMS).The mice received MPTP injection to establish acute PD model mice.The mice in NS group were injected the same volume saline.And twenty-four hours after the last injection of MPTP, the mice in rTMS group received 5 trains of 1 pulses/s for 25 s, at an intensity of 1 Tesla(T) daily for 1, 3, 7 consecutive days.Sham control mice were exposed to the same noise during the stimulation.No any treatment was performed in the mice of NS and PD group.Evaluate the mood change by the elevated-plus maze testing before and after rTMS treatment.The expression of nestin in subventricular zone was observed by immunohistochemical technique.Results (1) There were no statistical significance about percentage of opening arm time (OT%) account for total time among groups and at the different time points in each group, but after intervening the mice about OT% shows the tendency of decrease.(2) Compared to NS group, the number of nestin-positive cells of PD Group was increased on between the 3rd day and 7th day.There was no statistical significance in the number of nestin-positive cells between PD group and s-rTMS group.Compared to s-rTMS group and PD group, the number of nestin-positive cells of rTMS group was evidently increased.(3) The proliferation of eNSCs was time dependent.eNSCs proliferate along certain way toward the outside migrates gradually, some cells were able to migrate to the cerebral cortex on the 7th day.Conclusion rTMS can promote the eNSCs proliferation and migration.The proliferation ofeNSCs was time dependent.eNSCs begin to proliferate on the 1 st day, proliferation of eNSCs is obvious on the 3rd day, proliferation of eNSCs achieves the peak on the 7th day.