Businesses have been acting not only as interest groups,but have also exercising their influence on society,in other words corporate social responsibility (CSR),which will allow long-term continuous growth for the company.However,many companies do not regard CSR to be a part of corporate strategy,especially under the trend of globalization and current dramatic competitions.This paper empirically investigates the relationship between CSR and CFP (corporate financial performance) as the rapid globalization of Chinese firms.Furthermore,this paper explores the moderating effect of globalization on the relationship between CSR and CFP.By using 1,798 Chinese listed firms from 2008 to 2011 and the CSR score evaluated by a professional firm that is focusing on the CSR scoring for Chinese listed firms,we find that there is no relationship between CSR and CFP.However,when globalization (proxy by dual listed abroad) was used as a moderating effect and was incorporated into our analysis,a positive relationship exists between CSR and CFP,which suggests that the relationship between CSR and CFP is more complex than the simple linear relationship.Moreover,although the globalization of Chinese firms may bring some pressure on their performance,globalization is indeed helpful for their efforts of CSR being accepted by the market and investors,thus leading to better performance.Our results are robust for consideration of the endogeneity of CSR and the sample selection problem of globalization.Our findings suggest that if a learning effect takes place through a companys active globalization and if Chinese companies put in the effort to match international regulation and standard,then eventually a positive relationship will develop between CSR and CFP.We believe that this study can be helpful to multinational enterprises in the Chinese market that utilize CSR as a strategy to enhance company performance.