Progress in the use of non-testing methods in chemical risk assessment has accelerated in recent years as global chemical legislations have been updated to highlight the principles of animal welfare and the 3 Rs (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement).Chemical agencies have either adopted specific programmes to facilitate grouping of chemicals (e.g.OECD Existing Chemicals Database, US EPA HPV Challenge Programme) or are in the process of reviewing category or analogue chemical grouping approaches (e.g.European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) EU REACH dossier submissions for 2010 and 2013).It is clear that systematic grouping approaches (e.g.read-across in chemical categories or between chemical analogues) are expected to be applied more regularly in filling data gaps and the submission of a high quality robust read-across report will underpin an alternative non-testing strategy.