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目的了解社区人群生存质量(quality of life,QOL)及其影响因素,为提高居民生存质量提供决策依据。方法采用入户访谈调查方式调查252 013名30～79岁城乡社区居民,生存质量评定参照世界卫生组织生存质量量表(WHOQOL)的生理、心理和社会关系维度,选取其中睡眠状况、抑郁情绪和人际关系进行加权评分,采用多元线性回归分析生存质量的影响因素。结果调查人群QOL平均得分为(78.7±24.0)分,女性QOL得分(77.8±24.4)分低于男性(79.5±23.6)分(t=18.3,P<0.01),城市居民QOL得分(72.0±24.6)分低于农村居民(80.9±23.4)分(t=80.1,P<0.01),患慢性病居民QOL得分(72.3±25.7)分低于未患病组(81.1±22.9)分(t=-79.6,P<0.01),随着年龄增加社区居民的生存质量得分明显下降,30～岁、45～岁、60～岁组人群平均QOL得分依次为(81.2±23.1)分、(78.1±24.0)分、(74.6±24.8)分(F=1303.8,P<0.01);多元线性回归分析结果显示,男、女居民患有一种及以上慢性病、卫生保健服务不满意和居住在城市均与生存质量得分呈负相关。结论健康状况、社会人口学因素和生活方式等因素对社区居民生存质量有不同程度的影响。
Objective To understand the quality of life (QOL) of community population and its influential factors, and to provide decision basis for improving the quality of life of residents. Methods A total of 252,013 urban and rural community residents aged from 30 to 79 were surveyed by means of a household interview survey. The quality of life assessment was based on the physiological, psychological and social dimensions of the World Health Organization Quality of Living Scale (WHOQOL), and the sleep quality, depression and Interpersonal weighted scores, the use of multiple linear regression analysis of the impact of quality of life. Results The average QOL score of the surveyed population was (78.7 ± 24.0) points while the female QOL score was lower (77.8 ± 24.4) than the male (79.5 ± 23.6) points (t = 18.3, P <0.01) ) Were lower than those of rural residents (80.9 ± 23.4) (t = 80.1, P <0.01), and QOL scores of residents with chronic diseases were lower than those without disease (72.3 ± 25.7) (t = -79.6 , P <0.01). The QOL scores of community residents decreased significantly with age. The average QOL scores of the population aged 30 ~ 45, 60 ~ 70 were (81.2 ± 23.1) and (78.1 ± 24.0) , (74.6 ± 24.8) points (F = 1303.8, P <0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that male and female residents had one or more chronic diseases, unsatisfactory health care services and living in cities Negative correlation. Conclusion The factors such as health status, sociodemographic factors and life style have different impacts on the quality of life of community residents.