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The association between inflammation and liver carcinogenesis is generally accepted as a mechhanism driving liver carcinogenesis.The same holds true for metabolic stress and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Chronic liver damage is seen in hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus (HBV and HCV) infection.Chronic drug and alcohol abuse as well as autoimmune diseases are also accompanied by chronic hepatitis.Why only a particular subset of patients suffering from hepatitis develops HCC is not yet completely elucidated.Therefore animal models are needed.